![]() It converts the THz wave to the second harmonic of the laser pulse, employing the third-order optical nonlinearity of the gaseous medium. Compared with a photoconductive antenna and electro-optic sampling, ABCD does not rely on specialized optical material, has no damage threshold, and can achieve a relatively smooth response over a very wide bandwidth. Air-biased coherent detection (ABCD), which in a sense can be considered as the inverse process of THz generation, is often employed to detect such broadband THz pulses. This radiation has important implications for materials research in physics and chemistry because its photon energy couples various excitations, such as molecular vibration and rotation, phonon, and intraband transition. Utilizing the interaction of ultrafast lasers with gases, it is possible to obtain intense terahertz (THz) radiation with continuous spectrum from far-to-mid infrared.
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